Ancient Indian and Chinese philosophy

In the West, the term Eastern (Oriental) philosophy refers very broadly

One must take into account that this term ignores that these

Ancient eastern philosophy developed mainly in India and China. The Indian

Ancient Indian philosophy

Ancient Indian civilization has some special features.
These are:
Rigid (жесткий) caste

Civilization of ancient India was formed in the synthesis of local

The development of ancient Indian philosophy consists of two periods: the

Rig-Veda (Sanskrit ऋग्वेद, «Veda hymns») is a collection of religious hymns,

The word «veda» means «knowledge» and comes from the root «vid-»,

Rig-Veda contains an extreme pluralism: the gods, people, animals, plants, elements,

At the heart of cosmos there is an eternal substance –

The world and its phenomena are considered as the improvement of

Head corresponds to the caste of Brahmins (priests).
Hands – to

Universal law, which operates in the past, present and future called

If a person adheres to a strict asceticism, his samsara ceases

According to a traditional principle of classification, the schools or systems

These are regarded as orthodox, not because they believe in god,

To the first group belong the six chief philosophical systems (popularly

To the first group belong the six chief philosophical systems (popularly

During next classical period, there appears an interest in ethical issues.

To the second group belong next three philosophical systems:
Buddhism (Pali बुद्ध

At the core of Buddhism there is a doctrine of the

In Buddhism it’s proposed median (срединный), or the Eightfold Path (Восьмеричный

Eightfold Path
Righteous faith.
The true determination (решимость).
Righteous speech.
Righteous deeds

Jainism preaches non-violence to all living beings in this world. Philosophy

Lokayata (also Charvaq, Skt. चार्वाक) is a materialist doctrine of ancient

Auroville (City of Dawn)
is an experimental township in in the state of Tamil

Matrimandir in Auroville

Auroville (City of Dawn)
It was founded in 1968 by Mirra Alfassa (known as

Ancient Chinese philosophy

The main features of ancient Chinese philosophy are:
Practical orientation of

Considering all things as a unity of opposites (Yang – Yin),

In Chinese mythology, it is allocated the highest principle, which rules

During this period, freely and creatively there were six major philosophical

Confucianism focuses on the ethical rules, social norms and regulation control.

Confucianism can be considered as one of the oldest school of

Ethics of Confucius explaned human in connection with his social functions,

Confucius thought that there were five relationships people could have, and

The social order (Li) Confucius had established through the ideal of

This realization of functions and social order based on natural order

Another important feature of the social order is strong obedience (повиновение)

Moists school was named after the founder Moe Dee (479-391 BC).

The whole meaning was to the ideas of universal love (Jiang

School of Names (Míngjiā) examined the relations of things and expression

Legism (Bu Hei Shen, Han Feng-tzu) is formed almost as a

One of the major directions in China, along with Confucianism, was

The world is in constant motion and change, evolving, living and

Lao Tzu (old teacher) is a senior contemporary of Confucius.

Lao Tzu wrote the book “Tao Te Ching”, which became the

Zen (Chán) is a school of Buddhism. It developed in China in the

Zen is the Japanese version of the Chinese Ch’uan or Chán. It has a distinctive style.

Central to Zen is the practice of dhyana or meditation.