Содержание
- 2. Lake ice season Ice thickness --- stable ice --- Unstable periods (fixed) H tF tb t1
- 3. Warming climate ? ? Will the lake freeze in future ? How much are freezing date
- 4. Ice phenology Freezing date Strongly connected to air temperature (long-wave radiation, turbulent fluxes) Connection depends on
- 5. Breakup Freezing 80 P E R E N N I A L Freezing and breakup Extrapolated
- 6. Lake ice time series Ice phenology freezing date breakup date How to define? Ice cover properties
- 7. Lake Kallavesi, Finland 1830 – 2014 Trend 10 days/100 years Aperiodic Variability 80 days Extrema far
- 8. Colder climate ? less variability Kirillin et al. (2012)
- 9. Freezing date Breakup date Kilpisjärvi trends 1952 – 2010 (Lei et al., 2012)
- 12. 1st order: climate change impact Freezing date ~ 5 day/°C Ice thickness 5–10 cm/°C Breakup date
- 13. Lake Vanajavesi: model for climate change impact -1°C -6°C +6°C +1°C
- 14. Ice thickness cycle – albedo sensitivity, Prydz Bay α = 0.5 α = 0.5 α =
- 15. Lake Ladoga: Finnish – Soviet – Russian data 1913 – 1937 Ice charts and reports 1943
- 16. Ice concentration A A = relative area of ice in the lake Freezing ? depth: t
- 17. Lake Ladoga 1913–
- 19. Summary: warming (?) ? Freezing day delays Max annual ice thickness likely decreases Ice quality (congelation
- 20. … consequences to water body Shorter ice season AND More sunlight More transient open water periods
- 21. Climate warming ? Lake seasons Annual cycle: qualitative changes Summer stratification stronger Stable ice period shorter
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