Caries (clinical application)

damage done by dental caries. Caries presents a major problem to every dentist constantly. In some cases open carious cavities exist for years without reaching the pulp, while in other cases thorough examination reveals a dentition in a perfect condition.

first the soft dentin with a hand instrument after having widened the entrance in the enamel with a chisel. A bur not be used without having made a diagnosis of whether or not the carious process is walled off by hypercalcified dentin.

cases. When a hard resistance is found on all sides, the border of the opaque dentin has been reached. Now it is time to use the bur and to prepare the cavity according to the rules of retention and extension. Opaque dentin is mostly yellowish-brown, and if it is hard, there is no indication for its removal.

an accident. If, however, there were no shift of calcium salts producing a barrier of hypercalcified opaque dentin, the caries would go straight to the pulp in every case. The presence of the tubules offers plenty of opportunity for the progress of microorganisms.

cases to make cavity preparation comfortable. If layer by layer of sift dentin is peeled out with a hand instrument, the pulp is bound to be opened.

distance from the pulp, not removing all softened dentin, which is then impregnated with silver nitrate, and a temporary filling of oxyphosphate cement is placed with a base of zink oxide and eugenol. This temporary filling should remain at least three months. After that time, as a rule, the cavity preparation can be made without opening the pulp.

and restore health.
It should no more be ignored than disease of permanent teeth.
To give the child the simplest form of treatment.
When caries is treated early, a minimal restoration suffices.
To prevent the child suffering pain.
Although untreated caries does no always cause pain,
it is more likely to do so as it nears the pulp and, especially,
if a pulpal or periapical abscess is formed.
To avoid the infection that follows carious exposure of the pulp.
Exposure of the pulp permits oral bacteria to gain access to the pulp chamber,
root canals and periapical tissues.
To preserve space that is required for eruption of permanent teeth.
To ensure comfortable and efficient mastication.

subordinate clause of condition that usually begins with the conjunction IF. The clause of condition (the if-clause) indicates the conditions under which the action in the main clause may be realized.

For the purposes of studying, conditional sentences are usually divided into three main types:

for real or possible situations. These situations take place if a certain condition is met. It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form:
If + Simple Present, + Simple Future
Use
Conditional Sentences Type 1 refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen.
Example:
If I have enough time, I'll watch the football match.
I may have time to watch the match but I'm not sure about it.

for unreal impossible or improbable situations. This conditional provides an imaginary result for a given situation. It is very unlikely that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form:
if + Simple Past, + would + base verb
Were / Was
In conditional type 2, we usually use in the if clause "were" instead of "was" even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it. "were" here is a subjunctive form.
NOTE "was" is also a possible form.
Example:
If I were a millionaire, I would buy a castle.
Use
Conditional Sentences Type 2 refer to an action in the present that could happen if the present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to change because it is very unlikely.
Example:
If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.