Содержание
- 2. Lecture Plan
- 3. Function of Kidneys The kidneys are essentially regulatory organs which maintain the volume and composition of
- 4. Function of Kidneys Homeostasis: Sodium/Volume; Water/Osmolarity; Asid/Base; Electrolytes (K+, Ca++, Mg++, HPO4) Endocrine function: Renin; Erythropoietin;
- 5. Quantitative changes of urine Normal urine volume is 750 to 2000 ml per day. Polyuria -
- 6. Qualitative changes of urine Hypohromuriya is physiological if it’s caused by polyuria as a result of
- 7. Qualitative changes of urine Normal urine is transparent. While standing in a vessel in it it's
- 8. Qualitative changes of urine Relative density of urine ranged from 1.010 to 1.025 in the adult.
- 9. Qualitative changes of urine Pathological admixtures in urine Proteinuria is defined as urinary protein excretion exceeding
- 10. Nonpathological proteinuria - excessive protein excretion is apparently not the result of a disease. The level
- 11. Haematuria is defined as appearance of RBC in urine Common Causes of Glomerular Hematuria: IgA nephropathy
- 12. Visible (macroscopic) haematuria (VH) Non-visible (microscopic) haematuria (NVH) - is not visible to the naked eye.
- 13. Qualitative changes of urine Pathological admixtures in urine Leukocyturia is the presence of leukocytes in urine
- 17. Classification of Glomerular Disease (Glomerulonephritis) Clinical: 1. Primary - are caused by kidney pathology (acute diffuse
- 18. Glomerulonephritis In each of the clinical entities with glomerular proliferation, the inflammation process leads to: -
- 19. Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis (APSGN) APSGN is primarily a disease of school-age children (5 - 15 years)
- 20. Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis (APSGN) Pathogenesis
- 21. Nephritic Syndrome Nephritic Syndrome - is the acute onset of: Hematuria - may be microscopic or
- 22. Nephrotic Syndrome Nephrotic syndrome - is a group of diseases having different pathogenesis and characterized by
- 23. The Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome I. Primary Glomerulonephritis: Minimal change disease (most common in children); Membranous
- 25. Renal Failure Renal failure often refers to significant loss of renal function. When less than 10%
- 26. Classification of Renal Failure Acute renal failure commonly is classified as: Pre-renal - is caused by
- 27. Clinical Manifestation of ARF
- 28. Chronic Renal Failure Pathophysiology and Clinical manifestations of Uremic syndrome Uremia is a syndrome of renal
- 29. Pathogenesis of Uremia Retention of nitrogenous wastes Increased intracellular Na+ and water Decreased intracellular K+ Increased
- 30. Extrarenal Consequences of Uremia: 1. Skin manifestations - pruritus, uremic "frost", skin 2. Cardiac manifestations -
- 31. Pathogenesis of Renovascular Hypertension
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