Содержание
- 2. Bicycle history History of cycling The development of cycling History of cycling in the Olympic program
- 3. BICYCLE HISTORY The history of cycling has emerged relatively recently, at the end of the 19th
- 4. The first bicycle in Russia and in the world The founder of the bicycle in Russia
- 5. The new invention of Artamonov weighed about 40 kg. On the front, driving wheel were installed
- 6. HISTORY OF CYCLING The official date for the beginning of bicycle participation in competitions is May
- 7. В главное меню
- 8. THE DEVELOPMENT OF CYCLING The bicycle quickly gained popularity among the population as a convenient means
- 9. HISTORY OF CYCLING IN THE OLYMPIC PROGRAM Cycling - is a sport discipline that is present
- 10. Each type of competition is different type of bike. The cost of one model for racing
- 11. HISTORY OF CYCLING IN RUSSIA Russians should be proud of the fact that such a vehicle
- 12. The year 1886 is notable for the appearance of the first model of a modern bicycle,
- 13. In this success in the history of cycling could not help hindering large trading companies. Everything
- 14. VIDEO В главное меню
- 16. Скачать презентацию
Bicycle history
History of cycling
The development of cycling
History
Bicycle history
History of cycling
The development of cycling
History
History of cycling in Russia
Video
Game
BICYCLE HISTORY
The history of cycling has emerged relatively recently, at the
BICYCLE HISTORY
The history of cycling has emerged relatively recently, at the
A man has long thought that you can move around on wheels through your own muscular strength. At the same time in many countries (for example, England, France, Germany) began to appear carts, wheelchairs on two, three, four wheels, which set in motion through their efforts. In Russia, too, there was a bicycle. The beginning of the XIX century was marked by the creation of the first all-metal bicycle on two wheels.
The first bicycle in Russia and in the world
The founder of
The first bicycle in Russia and in the world
The founder of
The new invention of Artamonov weighed about 40 kg. On the
The new invention of Artamonov weighed about 40 kg. On the
The founder of the first bicycle car is a forester named Carl von Dreis from Mannheim (Germany). In 1814, Carl created a bicycle on two wheels. I made it from wood. The driving wheel could go either way. Moving on such a bicycle, a person needed, like skiing, to kick off by himself.
In 1817 Drais's invention was patented in Germany as the first bicycle in the world. Already in America and Western Europe the bicycle continued to improve. The connecting rods were mounted on the front wheel. Thanks to this improvement, the bike became faster to move, but the shaking was significantly increased. The English called this bike "kostotryasom."
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HISTORY OF CYCLING
The official date for the beginning of bicycle
HISTORY OF CYCLING
The official date for the beginning of bicycle
Modernization of the bicycle
Gradually, the inventors came to the fact that they increased the front wheel and reduced the rear wheel. Such bicycles are called spiders. But it was not safe to ride this type of transport. If the bicycle is inadvertently pushed, then it instantly fell, and the passenger jumped over the steering wheel. Even on such a high bicycle, a certain Thomas Stevens managed to make a round-the-world trip. He moved at a speed of 60 km per day.
Along with the models of bicycles "spider", in the world there was also another sample of this mode of movement, called "kangaroo". On the model of the bicycle "kangaroo" for the first time began to use a chain transmission. The speed increased due to the ratio of the gears.
Further improvement of the bike occurred quickly. A turning point in development is the year 1885. During this period the Scottish veterinarian Denlop created and applied a hollow pneumatic tire in practice. He wanted to make the bike the most comfortable ride for his son. To do this, Dunlop used a rubber sleeve to water the flowers, filled it with water and put it on the wheel of a bicycle. The bike began to shake less during the ride, but the speed decreased due to the heaviness of the water-filled tires. Dunlop decided to try to pump tires for wheels with air. To the air did not go outside, the doctor had to come up with a special valve. When the tire was completely filled with air, the valve was automatically closed.
Wheels with tires filled with air - this is what the bike lacked so that it would become convenient for movement. In the following time, the design of the bicycle was constantly improved in order to make it more durable, light, beautiful. Inventors - designers worked on speed too.
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF CYCLING
The bicycle quickly gained popularity among the population
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CYCLING
The bicycle quickly gained popularity among the population
As soon as pneumatic tires appeared, bicycle races began to be held not only on tracks that used to ride only on models "spiders" and "kangaroos", but also on the roads. In 1891, the first official road race Bordeaux - Paris was held. The distance of the route reached 600 m. In 1893, the first world championship for cyclists in Chicago was held. Since 1895, world championships for professional sprinters began to be organized. The end of the XIX century is known for the popularity of the six-day competition. In 1896, America organized the first such race. The history of world championships on the highway began in 1921 at a distance of 190 km for fans; for professional athletes from 1927 to 185 km. In 1958, for the first time, there were races among women. The most memorable race of that time is the race for professional cyclists around France called the Tour de France. The first time the competition was held in 1903 for a length of the route of 5 thousand km. The race was carried out for a long distance. Every year the conditions of the competition changed.
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HISTORY OF CYCLING IN THE OLYMPIC PROGRAM
Cycling - is a sport
HISTORY OF CYCLING IN THE OLYMPIC PROGRAM
Cycling - is a sport
Professionals from France, Great Britain won the first games with participation of sportsmen - bicyclists. Further winners were bicyclists from Denmark, Germany, Italy, the USSR. In 1996, the Olympic Games took place in Atlanta. There the athletes fought for the first place, moving along the track and the highway and the mountain roads of this city. Along with the standard bike, for the first time in the history of games, mountain bike athletes took part in them. The design of this bicycle is characterized by wide wheels. It was created about 20 years ago by a hippy from Northern California. Previously, most American sportsmen were recognized as the best in this sport. The race route passed along the hills and groves of the park, intended for riding. The competition involved professionals.
Each type of competition is different type of bike. The cost
Each type of competition is different type of bike. The cost
In recent years, the program of the Olympic Games is constantly expanding. Already by 1990, such kinds of cycling as mountain bike (mountain bike), triathlon, a number of disciplines of the track program of competitions became very popular. Thanks to the expansion in the competition, women began to participate. In 2000, the XXVII Olympic Games were held in Sydney, the program of which was expanded to 18 types of competitions with bicycles. From this list, 7 sets of medals were intended for women.
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HISTORY OF CYCLING IN RUSSIA
Russians should be proud of the fact
HISTORY OF CYCLING IN RUSSIA
Russians should be proud of the fact
The first official competition in Moscow was held on July 24, 1883. Races were held in two distances: 1.5 and 7.5 versts. The game was given international status. Athletes from America, Austria, England took part in the race. It is 1883 in Russia is considered the official day of the beginning of the history of cycling. The second significant date for Russian cycling is September 24, 1884. On this day a competition was held in St. Petersburg on the Field of Mars (then this place was called Tsarskoye Lug). Partly thanks to this competition, the Moscow and St. Petersburg Society of Cycling Fans was established. Moscow society in Russia was organized in 1882. In 1884 the charter of the community of cyclists in St. Petersburg was approved. Gradually, and in other cities, many such societies were formed. In the provinces and counties formed circles of fans of bicycles. In 1896, in one of these circles, Muscovites noticed L.N. Tolstoy. Despite the fact that at that time the writer was already 70 years old, he perfectly controlled the bicycle. His admirers made Lev Nikolaevich a present: a bicycle with silver spokes.
The year 1886 is notable for the appearance of the first
The year 1886 is notable for the appearance of the first
One of the significant events of the sport life for our country was the competition for the title "Russia's first rider." The event occurred in 1891. Many historians call the event "All-Russian Championships". At the race came a lot of guests, as well as professionals - racers from St. Petersburg, Odessa, Kiev. The distance for the competitions was 7.5 versts (at that time such a distance was traditional and was about 8 km). The same events were held in the capital in 1892-1894. So, the bicycle became a mass hobby.
In 1894 it was decided to organize a marathon from the capital to Nizhny Novgorod. But the road was heavily damaged: only two riders were able to get to the Volga River. The next year passed another heavy and long competition called "Moscow-Petersburg". The winner was a professional racer M.Zevochko. One of the St. Petersburg riders for many years, spoke for Russia in the international arena. In 1896, from Copenhagen, he returned as the second prize winner in the race leaders at 100 km. Diacov won prizes in competitions for 1 and 10 miles.
Thanks to another Russian professional cyclist A. Pankratov, who is known for his round-the-world trip, the International Union of Cyclists was approved. Russian sport is proud of such professional athletes as A. Butylkin, G. Vashkevich, P. Ippolitov, P. Stepanov-Kalashnikov, S. Utochkin. At the end of the XIX century, a real "Bicycle fever" came to Russia from the USA and Europe. Bike racing became very popular, the audience enjoyed going to such events.
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In this success in the history of cycling could not help
In this success in the history of cycling could not help
Then another stage of development of cycling begins, now in the RSFSR. In the twenties, along the Moscow Garden Ring (this street was still paved with cobblestones), meetings of Moscow riders, Petrograd, took place. Then there was the championship in Siberia, the all-Ukrainian Olympiad in Kharkov, the country's championship at the Moscow racetrack in 1923, the race on tracks, roads ... The real impetus for the development of cycling in the Soviet Union was the All-Union Olympics, which took place in 1928. Before that, in 1926, riders from Russia competed in competitions with foreign athletes who were part of sports organizations. The first victories took place in Paris, Bremen.
But only in the 50 years on the international arena the official score of the speeches began. This happened after our athletes were recognized as real professionals in the International Union. The USSR was a member of the International federation of fans of cycling since 1965. R. Vargashkin became the first Soviet record holder in the races on the track for a distance of 1 kilometer. Soviet athletes debuted in 1952, but, unfortunately, the debut was unsuccessful. Over the years, Soviet athletes have failed, but ultimately came to victory. 1976 and 1980 - games in which the USSR team became the Olympic champion in the highway race. In 1988 our athletes received 4 gold medals. In the USSR, they were proud of their winners: S. Suhorechenkov, A. Kirichenko, Z. Zaribova.
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