Principles of programming. Languages introduction. Objectives

Сентябрь 7, 2022

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Principles of programming. Languages introduction. Objectives

Содержание

2. Objectives To introduce several different paradigms of programming But isn’t one language pretty much like another?
3. Paradigms of Programming? There are several ways to think about computation: a set of instructions to
4. Some Programming Paradigms Procedural examples: C, Pascal, Basic, Fortran Functional examples: Lisp, ML Object-oriented examples: C++,
5. Why so many? Most important: the choice of paradigm (and therefore language) depends on how humans
6. Models of Computation RAM machine procedural directed acyclic graphs Smalltalk model of O-O partial recursive functions
7. Lots of Languages There are many programming languages out there Lots of other PL-like objects document
8. Issues for all Languages Can it be understood by people and processed by machines? although translation
9. Translation Compilation Translate into instructions suitable for some other (lower level) machine During execution, that machine
11. Скачать презентацию

Слайд 2

Objectives
To introduce several different paradigms of programming
But isn’t one language pretty

much like another? No!
To gain experience with these paradigms by using example programming languages
To understand concepts of syntax, translation, abstraction, and implementation

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Paradigms of Programming?
There are several ways to think about computation:
a set

of instructions to be executed
a set of expressions to be evaluated
a set of rules to be applied
a set of objects to be arranged
a set of messages to be sent and received

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Some Programming Paradigms
Procedural
examples: C, Pascal, Basic, Fortran
Functional
examples: Lisp, ML
Object-oriented
examples: C++, Java,

Smalltalk
Rule-based (or Logic)
example: Prolog

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Why so many?
Most important: the choice of paradigm (and therefore language)

depends on how humans best think about the problem
Other considerations:
efficiency
compatibility with existing code
availability of translators

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Models of Computation
RAM machine
procedural
directed acyclic graphs
Smalltalk model of O-O
partial recursive functions
Lisp

and ML
Markov algorithms
Prolog is loosely based on these

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Lots of Languages
There are many programming languages out there
Lots of other

PL-like objects
document languages, e.g. LaTeX, Postscript
command languages, e.g. bash, MATLAB
markup languages, e.g. HTML and XML
specification languages, e.g. UML

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Issues for all Languages
Can it be understood by people and processed

by machines?
although translation may be required
Sufficient expressive power?
can we say what needs to be said, at an appropriate level of abstraction?

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Translation
Compilation
Translate into instructions suitable for some other (lower level) machine
During execution,

that machine maintains program state information
Interpretation
May involve some translation
Interpreter maintains program state

Principles of programming. Languages introduction. Objectives

Содержание

ObjectivesTo introduce several different paradigms of programmingBut isn’t one language pretty

Paradigms of Programming?There are several ways to think about computation:a set

Some Programming ParadigmsProceduralexamples: C, Pascal, Basic, FortranFunctionalexamples: Lisp, MLObject-orientedexamples: C++, Java,

Why so many?Most important: the choice of paradigm (and therefore language)

Models of ComputationRAM machineproceduraldirected acyclic graphsSmalltalk model of O-Opartial recursive functionsLisp

Lots of LanguagesThere are many programming languages out thereLots of other

Issues for all LanguagesCan it be understood by people and processed

TranslationCompilationTranslate into instructions suitable for some other (lower level) machineDuring execution,

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