Civil war in China.created anonymous 01

Сентябрь 12, 2022

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Civil war in China.created anonymous 01

Содержание

2. Full-fledged civil war between communists and nationalists by 1930. Communists led by Mao Zedong Based in
3. 1921 The Communist Party Formed in China China’s Communist Party formed in 1921. Mao Zedong was
4. Nationalists Turn on Communists Sun died in 1925. Chiang Kai Sheek became leader of Nationalists. Jiang
5. 1928 Nationalists Gain Control But Lose Support Jiang Jieshi became president of “Nationalist Republcis of China.”
6. 1927 The Shanghai Massacre Large-scale purge of Communists from the Kuomintang in Shanghai, ordered by Jiang.
7. 1934-1935 The “Long March” Communist forces surrounded by 700,000 Nationalist troops. 87,000 Communists escaped and fled
9. Nationalists vs. Communists
10. U.S. Support for Nationalists China’s nationalist government a U.S. ally in World War II. Dictatorial, corrupt,
11. 1949 Establishment of Communist China Mao established communist government on the mainland – “The People’s Republic
12. 1949 Nationalist’s Flee Nationalists fled to island of Formosa (Taiwan) and set up independent government there.
13. 1931 Japan’s Invasion of Manchuria Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931. Nationalist response? Nationalists didn’t resist. Hoped
14. 1937 Japan Invades China. WWII Begins Japan launched all-out invasion and bombing of China in 1937.
15. Japan Expands into China 1935-6 There was no real cessation of war after Japan’s invasion of
16. Agreements : Japan and China Tangu Truce – recognition of Manchugo by KMT Following the Hebei
17. The Second United Front Date: 1937-1945 Communists and Nationalists unite to drive out the Japanese Nationalists
18. The Nanjing Massacre Date: 1937 Japanese troops slaughter 300,000 Chinese civilians, mostly women and children, in
19. Control Group’ & ‘Imperial Way’ Led by Ugaki Kazushige – they opposed the ultra-nationalist ideology of
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Full-fledged civil war between
communists and nationalists by 1930.
Communists led by Mao Zedong
Based

in the countryside
Recruited peasants for Red Army.
Trained them in guerilla warfare.
Attacked Nationalist forces from
mountain hideouts.

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1921 The Communist Party Formed in China
China’s Communist Party formed
in 1921.

Mao Zedong was one
of its founders.
Western democracies refusal to aid
Sun Yishian which led him to seek
Soviet support and ally with China’s
communists.
Lenin sent military aid and advisors
in return for what?
Chinese communists being allowed to
join Kuomintang .

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Nationalists Turn on Communists
Sun died in 1925. Chiang Kai Sheek became

leader of Nationalists.
Jiang waged successful war against warlords (“Northern Expedition”)
Jiang and his capitalist supporters opposed communism .
Jiang set out to purge Kuomintang of the Communisms

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1928 Nationalists Gain Control But Lose Support
Jiang Jieshi became president of
“Nationalist Republcis

of China.”
Nationalist government recognized
by Britain and U.S but not Soviets
Nationalist government corrupt and
undemocratic.
Modernized cities but did nothing to
help China’s peasants.
Peasants supported communists
who gave them land.

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1927 The Shanghai Massacre
Large-scale purge of Communists
from the Kuomintang in Shanghai,
ordered

by Jiang.
Arrests and executions of prominent
Communists union leaders spread
across China.
Thousands were killed. Communist
Party almost wiped out.
The few Communist survivors (Mao Zedong included)
went into hiding.

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1934-1935 The “Long March”
Communist forces surrounded by
700,000 Nationalist troops.
87,000 Communists escaped and
fled

on the hazardous 6,000 mile
“Long March.”
Crossed 24 rivers and 18 mountain
ranges in year-long flight from
pursuing Nationalist forces.
95 percent of Red Army was lost.
Only 6,000-7,000 survived.

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Nationalists vs. Communists

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U.S. Support for Nationalists
China’s nationalist government
a U.S. ally in World

War II.
Dictatorial, corrupt, incompetent
government.
Lacked support of Chinese people.
U.S. supported Jiang Jieshi because
he was anti-communist
Received billions in U.S. aid.

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1949 Establishment of Communist China
Mao established communist
government on the mainland –

“The People’s Republic of
China.”
U.S., other Western powers
refused to recognize the new
government of country we
called Red China
Mao signed friendship treaty
with Soviet Union

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1949 Nationalist’s Flee
Nationalists fled to island of

Formosa (Taiwan) and set
up independent government
there.
Nationalist China was
recognized by U.S. and other
Western powers (including
the U.N.)

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1931 Japan’s Invasion of Manchuria
Japan invaded Manchuria in
1931. Nationalist response?
Nationalists didn’t resist.

Hoped
policy of non-resistance would
dissuade Japan from attacking
all of China.
Chiang Kai-shek also believed it
was more important to defeat the
Communists than fight Japan.
Not all Nationalists agreed

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1937 Japan Invades China. WWII Begins
Japan launched all-out invasion
and bombing of China

in 1937.
Impact on China’s civil war?
Threat from Japan forced uneasy
truce between Nationalists and
Communists, who temporarily
united to fight the Japanese.

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Japan Expands into China 1935-6
There was no real cessation of

war after Japan’s invasion of Manchuria
Japan formed the China Garrison Army that mocked Kwatung in spreading the unquestionable control.
The army occupied the eastern half of Charar province and then the army moved into the southern and neutral part of China

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Agreements : Japan and China
Tangu Truce – recognition of Manchugo by

KMT
Following the Hebei Invasion ( north of China ) , there was Umeru- He Agreement which identified the creation of DMZ throughout the Northern China
27.06.1935 DOIHARA-QUIN DECHUN Agreement forcing China to remove their troops from the Manchugo Boarders
China tried to rule through local councils within the DMZ boarders but the Japanese fluctuated freely alongside the DMZ as they were better equipped.

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The Second United Front
Date: 1937-1945
Communists and Nationalists unite to drive out

the Japanese
Nationalists do most of the fighting; Communists take time to regroup

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The Nanjing Massacre
Date: 1937
Japanese troops slaughter 300,000 Chinese civilians, mostly women

and children, in Nanjing
Widespread rape – estimated 20,000
“The Rape of Nanjing”

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Control Group’ & ‘Imperial Way’
Led by Ugaki Kazushige – they opposed

the ultra-nationalist ideology of the ‘Imperial Way’ faction. A mixture of Army Officers and soldiers who believed that the development of a technology driven army would guarantee Japanese expansionism
Controlled most of the Japanese Army from 1920-1945. He was more prepared to cooperate with the west understanding spheres of influence.

Civil war in China.created anonymous 01

Содержание

Full-fledged civil war between communists and nationalists by 1930.Communists led by Mao ZedongBased

1921 The Communist Party Formed in ChinaChina’s Communist Party formed in 1921.

Nationalists Turn on CommunistsSun died in 1925. Chiang Kai Sheek became

1928 Nationalists Gain Control But Lose SupportJiang Jieshi became president of “Nationalist Republcis

1927 The Shanghai MassacreLarge-scale purge of Communists from the Kuomintang in Shanghai, ordered

1934-1935 The “Long March”Communist forces surrounded by 700,000 Nationalist troops.87,000 Communists escaped and fled

Nationalists vs. Communists

U.S. Support for NationalistsChina’s nationalist government a U.S. ally in World

1949 Establishment of Communist ChinaMao established communist government on the mainland –

1949 Nationalist’s Flee Nationalists fled to island of

1931 Japan’s Invasion of ManchuriaJapan invaded Manchuria in 1931. Nationalist response?Nationalists didn’t resist.

1937 Japan Invades China. WWII BeginsJapan launched all-out invasion and bombing of China

Japan Expands into China 1935-6There was no real cessation of

Agreements : Japan and ChinaTangu Truce – recognition of Manchugo by

The Second United FrontDate: 1937-1945Communists and Nationalists unite to drive out

The Nanjing MassacreDate: 1937Japanese troops slaughter 300,000 Chinese civilians, mostly women

Control Group’ & ‘Imperial Way’Led by Ugaki Kazushige – they opposed

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