Politics in Britain. The political system

Сентябрь 6, 2022

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Politics in Britain. The political system

Содержание

2. Plan: 1/ Constitutional monarchy vs parliamentary democracy The basic legal documents in the UK The governing
3. The System of government The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy
4. The UK is constitutional monarchy. This means that the official head of state is the monarch,
5. Legal documents Magna Carta – the Great Charter - 1215 Petition of Rights – 1628- the
6. A monarch is trained from Birth for the position of Head of State and even when
7. The Queen is the personification of the State. The Queen is the head of the executive
8. THE QUEEN'S WORKING DAY The Queen has many different duties to perform every day: investitures, ceremonies,
9. THE QUEEN'S CEREMONIAL DUTIES the State Opening of Parliament, Audiences with new ambassadors the presentation of
10. THE ROYAL FAMILY MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL FAMILY
11. Queen Elizabeth II is a descendent of the Saxon king, Egbert. ????? She is the 63d
12. The Queen's children
13. The Queens grandchildren
14. THE ROYAL RESIDENCES Buckingham Palace Holy rood house Frogmore Windsor Castle
15. THE ROYAL RESIDENCES Balmoral Castle Kensington Castle Sand ringham House Hampton Court Palace
17. The organs of government in the United Kingdom are the legislature; the executive power; the judiciary.
18. the legislature power belongs to Parliament which main function is law-making.
20. 574 life peers, 92 hereditary peers, 26 bishops, 650 MPs. It consists of the House of
21. The House of Lords 574 life peers, 92 hereditary peers, 26 bishops
22. The House of Commons is elected by an almost universal adult suffrage. There are at present
23. Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice The rules how to behave in Parliament No reading No violency
24. MPs are elected either at a general election or at a by-election following the death or
26. the executive power Is realized by: the Cabinet and other ministers of the Crown; Government departments;
27. The executive power of the Crown is exercised by the cabinet, headed by the prime minister.
28. Five last prime ministers since… 1974-1976 Harold Wilson 1976-1979 James Callaghan 1979-1990 Margaret Thatcher 1990-1997 John
29. Prime Minister First Lord of the Treasury Minister for the Civil Service David Cameron
30. Each member of the Cabinet is a minister responsible for a government department.
31. Chancellor of the Exchequer Responsibility Government spending Presents the Budget annually in March Lives at 11
32. Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs Responsibility Relations with other countries Philip Hammond
33. Secretary of State for Justice Lord Chancellor Michael Gove
34. Secretary of State for the Home Department Responsibility Internal relations The police Law and order Law
35. Secretary of State for Education Nicola Ann Morgan 1970 - Margaret Thatcher
36. The Cabinet meets at the Prime Minister’s house – number 10 Downing street.
37. The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet.
38. Political parties At present the main political groupings are the Conservative and Labour Parties and the
39. The Conservative Party often called the Tory Party, started as Royalists in the 17th century. It
40. The Liberal Party began its activities as anti-Royalists. The Liberals represented the trading and manufacturing class
41. The Labour Party was established at the beginning of the last century. It was set up
42. Chartism was a working-class movement for political reform in Britain which existed from 1838 to 1858.
43. The People's Charter called for six reforms A vote for every man 21 years of age
44. The party that obtains the majority of seats in the House is called the Government, and
45. The Government is the party which has the majority in the Parliament and the Queen appoints
46. the judiciary determines common law and interprets statutes.
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Слайд 2

Plan:
1/ Constitutional monarchy vs parliamentary democracy
The basic legal documents

in the UK
The governing monarch and her family, their functions
The branches of power: legislative, executive and judiciary
The Parliament, its Houses, the Cabinet and Prime Minister
2/ The role of the Political Parties in the UK, system of election

Слайд 3

The System of government
The United Kingdom is a
constitutional monarchy

and
parliamentary democracy

Слайд 4

The UK is constitutional monarchy.
This means that the official head

of state is the monarch, but his or her powers are limited by the constitution.
The British constitution is not written in any single document.

Слайд 5

Legal documents
Magna Carta – the Great Charter - 1215
Petition of Rights

– 1628- the power of Charles I was restricted
Habeas Corpus Act – 1640 – during the Civil War
Bill of Rights – 1689 – declared constitutional monarchy
Statute of Westminster – 1931 – regulated the relations in the Commonwealth

Слайд 6

A monarch is trained from Birth for the position of Head

of State and even when a younger brother succeeds, he too has enormous experience of his country, its people and its government. The people know who will succeed, and this certainly gives a nation invaluable continuity and stability.

Слайд 7

The Queen is the personification of the State.
The Queen is
the

head of the executive power,
an integral part of the legislature,
the head of the judiciary,
the commander-in-chief of all the armed forces of the Crown
the temporal head of the established Church of England.

In reality
She reigns but she doesn’t rule.

Слайд 8

THE QUEEN'S WORKING DAY
The Queen has many different duties to perform

every day:
investitures,
ceremonies,
receptions or
reading letters from the public, official papers and briefing notes;
audiences with political ministers or ambassadors;
meetings with her Private Secretaries to discuss her future diary plans.

Слайд 9

THE QUEEN'S CEREMONIAL DUTIES
the State Opening of Parliament,
Audiences with new ambassadors

the presentation of decorations at Investitures
the presentation of Maundy money
the hosting of garden parties

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THE ROYAL FAMILY
MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL FAMILY

Слайд 11

Queen Elizabeth II is a descendent of the Saxon king, Egbert.

?????
She is the 63d monarch since Egbert.

Слайд 12

The Queen's children

Слайд 13

The Queens grandchildren

Слайд 14

THE ROYAL RESIDENCES
Buckingham Palace
Holy rood house
Frogmore
Windsor Castle

Слайд 15

THE ROYAL RESIDENCES
Balmoral Castle
Kensington Castle
Sand ringham House
Hampton Court Palace

Слайд 16

Слайд 17

The organs of government in the United Kingdom are
the legislature;
the

executive power;
the judiciary.

Слайд 18

the legislature power belongs to Parliament which main function is law-making.

Слайд 19

Слайд 20

574 life peers,
92 hereditary peers,
26 bishops,
650 MPs.
It

consists of the House of Commons and the House of Lords.

Слайд 21

The House of Lords
574 life peers,
92 hereditary peers,
26 bishops

Слайд 22

The House of Commons
is elected by an almost universal adult

suffrage.
There are at present 650 members of the House of Commons, who are elected by people every five years.
Members of the House of Commons receive a salary for their parliamentary work and hold their seats during the life of a Parliament.

435

speaker

Ruling party

opposition

Слайд 23

Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice
The rules how to behave in Parliament
No

reading
No violency

Слайд 24

MPs are elected either at a general election or at a

by-election following the death or retirement.
Parliamentary elections are held every 5 years and it is the Prime Minister who decides on the exact day of the election.
The minimum voting age is 18.
And the voting is taken by secret ballot.
The election campaign lasts about 3 weeks.

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the executive power
Is realized by:
the Cabinet and other ministers of

the Crown;
Government departments;
local authorities, who administer and manage many services at the local level; and
statutory boards, which are responsible for the operation of particular nationalised industries or public services;

Слайд 27

The executive power of the Crown is exercised by the cabinet,

headed by the prime minister.

The Cabinet is a committee of ministers

Слайд 28

Five last prime ministers since…
1974-1976 Harold Wilson
1976-1979 James Callaghan
1979-1990 Margaret

Thatcher
1990-1997 John Major
1997- 2007 Tony Blair
2007 – 2010 Gordon Brown
2010 - David Cameron

Слайд 29

Prime Minister
First Lord of the Treasury
Minister for the Civil Service
David Cameron

Слайд 30

Each member of the Cabinet is a minister
responsible for
a

government department.

Слайд 31

Chancellor of the Exchequer
Responsibility
Government spending
Presents the Budget annually in March
Lives

at 11 Downing street

George Osborne

Слайд 32

Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
Responsibility
Relations with other countries
Philip

Hammond

Слайд 33

Secretary of State for Justice
Lord Chancellor
Michael Gove

Слайд 34

Secretary of State for the Home Department
Responsibility
Internal relations
The police
Law and

order
Law courts

Theresa May

Слайд 35

Secretary of State for Education
Nicola Ann Morgan
1970 - Margaret Thatcher

Слайд 36

The Cabinet meets at the Prime Minister’s house – number

10 Downing street.

Слайд 37

The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own

leader and the Shadow Cabinet.
The leader of the shadow cabinet nowadays is Jeremy Corbyn.

Слайд 38

Political parties
At present the main political groupings are the Conservative and

Labour Parties and the Party of Liberal Democrats.
There are also some other parties: the Social Democratic Party, the Scottish National and Welsh National Parties, the Communist Party of Great Britain and other small parties.

Слайд 39

The Conservative Party
often called the
Tory Party,
started as Royalists in the

17th century.
It is the party of big business, industry, commerce and landowners. The party represents those who believe in private enterprise. The Tories are a mixture of the rich and privileged – the monopolists and landowners.

331

Слайд 40

The Liberal Party
began its activities as anti-Royalists.
The Liberals represented

the trading and manufacturing class in the 19th century. Their slogan was ‘Civil and Religious Liberties’. Later Liberals lost the support of working-class voters and made an alliance with Social Democrats. The Tories called the Liberals ‘Whigs’. A ‘whig’ was a Scottish preacher, who could preach moralising sermons for long hours.

Слайд 41

The Labour Party
was established at the beginning of the last

century. It was set up by the trade-unions and various small socialist groups. This party drew away working people’s support. Despite its many sincere and courageous fights, it soon came under the influence of imperialist ideas.

232

Слайд 42

Chartism was a working-class movement for political reform in Britain which existed from 1838

to 1858. It took its name from the People's Charter of 1838.
The national chartist association was founded in Manchester.

Слайд 43

The People's Charter called for six reforms
A vote for every

man 21 years of age
The Secret Ballot
No Property Qualification for Members of Parliament
Payment of Members.
Equal Constituencies.
Annual Parliament Elections.

Слайд 44

The party that obtains the majority of seats in the House

is called the Government, and the others are the Opposition.

331

232

Слайд 45

The Government is
the party
which has the majority in the

Parliament and the Queen appoints its leader as the Prime Minister.
The Prime Minister appoints
a team of main ministers as the Cabinet
(about 20 people).

Слайд 46

Politics in Britain. The political system

Содержание

Plan: 1/ Constitutional monarchy vs parliamentary democracy The basic legal documents

The System of government The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy

The UK is constitutional monarchy. This means that the official head

Legal documentsMagna Carta – the Great Charter - 1215Petition of Rights

A monarch is trained from Birth for the position of Head

The Queen is the personification of the State.The Queen is the

THE QUEEN'S WORKING DAY The Queen has many different duties to perform

THE QUEEN'S CEREMONIAL DUTIES the State Opening of Parliament,Audiences with new ambassadors

THE ROYAL FAMILYMEMBERS OF THE ROYAL FAMILY

Queen Elizabeth II is a descendent of the Saxon king, Egbert.

The Queen's children

The Queens grandchildren

THE ROYAL RESIDENCESBuckingham PalaceHoly rood house Frogmore Windsor Castle

THE ROYAL RESIDENCESBalmoral CastleKensington CastleSand ringham HouseHampton Court Palace

The organs of government in the United Kingdom arethe legislature; the

the legislature power belongs to Parliament which main function is law-making.

574 life peers, 92 hereditary peers, 26 bishops, 650 MPs. It

The House of Lords574 life peers, 92 hereditary peers, 26 bishops

The House of Commons is elected by an almost universal adult

Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice The rules how to behave in Parliament No

MPs are elected either at a general election or at a

the executive powerIs realized by: the Cabinet and other ministers of

The executive power of the Crown is exercised by the cabinet,

Five last prime ministers since…1974-1976 Harold Wilson1976-1979 James Callaghan1979-1990 Margaret

Prime MinisterFirst Lord of the TreasuryMinister for the Civil Service David Cameron

Each member of the Cabinet is a minister responsible for a

Chancellor of the ExchequerResponsibility Government spendingPresents the Budget annually in MarchLives

Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsResponsibilityRelations with other countriesPhilip

Secretary of State for JusticeLord Chancellor Michael Gove

Secretary of State for the Home Department ResponsibilityInternal relationsThe police Law and

Secretary of State for EducationNicola Ann Morgan1970 - Margaret Thatcher