Enzymes The classification and nomenclature. Lyases and Transferases

The plan of lecture

1) The classification and nomenclature of enzymes

The classification of and nomenclature of enzymes

I. Oxireductases (ОR) catalyze

III. Hydrolases catalyze the cleavage of complex substances to simple ones

IV. Lyases catalyze the reactions of cleavage without water or promote

V. Isomerases catalyze the isomerizm ведут реакции изомеризации;
VI. Lygases, or synthetases

The nomenclature of enzymes

Each class is divided into subclasses (from

Therefore the cipher of each enzyme consists of 4 numbers: first

For instance, the cipher for pancreatic lipase is 3.1.1.3., this is

To the 1-st subclass (esterase, that is catalyzes the hydrolysis of

General characteristic and classification of transferases
Transferases are enzymes which catalyze the

The structure and catalytic role of aminotransferases

Coenzyme of aminotransferases is phosphopyridoxal

The importance of transamination
This is a pathway of synthesis of non-essential

The structure and catalytic role of methyltransferases

Coenzyme is reduced form of

СН2 – S – CH3 CH2SH
+ CH2

The structure and catalytic role of acyltransferases

Coenzyme is HSCoA (coenzyme of

The structure and catalytic role of phosphotransferases
Phosphotransferases, or kinases are one-component

ATP is more often source of phosphoric acid. The residue of

The source of phosphoric acid can be a phosphorus-containing high energetically

General characteristic and classification of Lyases
This class of enzymes includes enzymes

The structure and catalytic role of decarboxylases of amino acids

Coenzyme of

The structure and catalytic role of decarboxylases of ketoacids

These are two-component