Leadership & Motivation

Stogdill (1974)

Analyzed 163 published studies to discover the role of traits

Stogdill (1974)

Stogdill identified a number of traits that we positively associated

Stogdill (1974)

7. Readiness to absorb interpersonal stress
8. Willingness to tolerate frustration

Findings of Major Leadership Studies

Stogdill (1948)

Mann (1959)

Stogdill (1974)

Lord, De Vader &

Which 5 are most important?

Talk to the person sitting next to

Northouse (2010)

Northouse identifies the following 5 traits as central to leadership:
Intelligence
Self-Confidence
Determination
Integrity
Sociability

Intelligence

Intelligence (intellectual ability) – leaders tend to have higher intelligence than

Self-Confidence

This is the ability to be certain about one’s competencies and

Determination

This is the desire to get the job done.
It includes initiative,

Integrity

This is the quality of honesty and trustworthiness.
People who stick to

Sociability

This is a leader’s inclination to seek out pleasant and social

Leadership and Masculinity

Two key studies identified masculinity as an important trait

What is Personality?

We have looked at a number of personality traits

The Big 5 Personality Factors

Neuroticism

Extraversion

Openness

Agreeableness

Conscientiousness

The tendency to be depressed, anxious, insecure,

The Big 5: Self Assessment

I have designed a test for you

The Big 5 and Leadership

Judge, Bono, Ilies and Gerhardt (2002) conducted

Weaknesses of the Trait Approach

There’s no definitive list of traits. Lists

Emotional Intelligence

Another way of assessing the impact of traits on leadership

Emotional Intelligence

We can define EQ as “…the ability to perceive and

EQ as a model

EQ as a model

Leadership & Motivation

MGT 5206
Lecture 5
Ethics and Leadership

Ethics

What are ethics and why are they important to leadership?

Ethics

code of morality: a system of moral principles governing the appropriate

Your Ethics

What ethical principles do you live by?
For example:
not dropping

Hot Topic

Ethics (and Codes of Conduct) are at the top of

Ethics Differ

There is no single set of ethics from country to

Legal-Ethical Contradiction

Organizational Ethics

Traits, Attitudes and Ethics

Ethical behaviour is related to personality traits and

Moral Development

Ethical behaviour is also linked to moral development
Moral development is

Moral Development

Preconventional – You choose right and wrong based on your

Moral Development

Preconventional: “I lie to customers to sell more products and

The Situation

The third factor influencing ethical behaviour is the situation

Highly competitive

Uncompetitive

Unsupervised

What do you think?

Which industries / organizations / professionals are unregulated

The Situation

Unethical behaviour in organizations also occurs…
When there is no code

Justifying Unethical Behaviour

Most people do not like to consider themselves as

1. Moral Justification

This is where people claim they acted in an

2. Displacement of Responsibility

This is where people blame their unethical behaviour

3. Diffusion of Responsibility

This is where people use membership of a

4. Advantageous Comparison

This is where people compare their unethical behaviour to

5. Disregard or Distortion of Consequences

This is where people minimize the

6. Attribution of Blame

This is where people claim their unethical behaviour

7. Euphemistic Labeling

This is where people use “soft” words to describe