Social philosophy. Philosophy of history

Июль 24, 2022

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Social philosophy. Philosophy of history

Содержание

2. Complexity in perception of society: Permanent Regular Stable for society can by find ?
3. Social philosophy: main problems: Society order Society (general) – Individuality (single) Freedom – Necessity Matter –
4. Social atomism only one aspiration of everyone is to be happy – individual happiness Society must
5. Social Universalism Society – strong and unique self-dependent reality Exists because of itself
6. Antiquity about society & personality: Plato Harmony – basic principle Authority of the leaders (philosophers must
7. Antiquity about society & personality: Aristotle Man outside the society is only abstraction Law - basic
8. Holism Individualism (liberalism) from ὅλος holos, a Greek word meaning all, whole, entire, total social systems
9. Holism Individualism (liberalism) Sparta – hard administration Athenian democracy – freedom limited by democratically laws
10. John Locke (1632 –1704) theory was founded on social contract theory human nature is characterized by
11. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770 –1831) All history of mankind is an unfolding of Absolute Reason
12. John Stuart Mill (1806 –1873) On Liberty the nature and limits of the power that can
13. "social liberty" - protection from "the tyranny of political rulers." He introduced a number of different
14. Social justice Can the world be possible without inequality? Where are the measures? What can be
15. Freedom Freedom from & freedom for “Escape from Freedom” Erich Fromm “freedom gives person feeling of
16. Linear & cyclical history conceptions
18. Civilization: Childhood – barbarians Youth – beginning of blossoming Maturity – bloom, prosperity Old age –
19. Modern world “Hypertrophy of means (resources, tools) & atrophy of goals” Consumer`s epoch
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Слайд 2

Complexity in perception of society:
Permanent
Regular
Stable
for society can by find ?

Слайд 3

Social philosophy: main problems:
Society order
Society (general) – Individuality (single)
Freedom – Necessity
Matter

– Spirit
Equality - Inequality
Justice – Injustice
Determine development – undetermined development

Слайд 4

Social atomism
only one aspiration of everyone is to be happy –

individual happiness
Society must give us possibility to realize this aspiration

Слайд 5

Social Universalism
Society – strong and unique self-dependent reality
Exists because of itself

Слайд 6

Antiquity about society & personality: Plato
Harmony – basic principle
Authority of the

leaders (philosophers must rule, because they can do this for justice; know what is good for the people; don’t think about their personal interest)

Слайд 7

Antiquity about society & personality: Aristotle
Man outside the society is

only abstraction
Law - basic principle
Society – unity of the equal people with the same aim – to achieve better life

Слайд 8

Holism
Individualism (liberalism)
from ὅλος holos, a Greek word meaning all, whole, entire,

total
social systems and their properties, should be viewed as integrity, not as collections of parts
Society as an organism
Single exists for general

"the moral worth of the individual“
human individual is of primary importance in the struggle for liberation.
Society as system of relations between people
General exists for single

Слайд 9

Holism
Individualism (liberalism)
Sparta – hard administration
Athenian democracy – freedom limited by democratically

laws

Слайд 10

John Locke (1632 –1704)
theory was founded on social contract theory
human

nature is characterized by reason and tolerance
In a natural state all people were equal and independent, and everyone had a natural right to defend “Life, health, Liberty, or Possessions“
advocated governmental separation of powers and believed that revolution is not only a right but an obligation in some circumstances.
These ideas would come to have profound influence on the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States

Слайд 11

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770 –1831)
All history of mankind is an

unfolding of Absolute Reason
Everything real is reasonable, all reasonable is real
State is the aim of historical process
Absolute Reason Nature Society Philosophical understanding of history

Слайд 12

John Stuart Mill (1806 –1873)
On Liberty
the nature and limits of

the power that can be legitimately exercised by society over the individual
it is alright for someone to harm themselves as long as they are not harming others
impassioned defense of free speech: free discourse is a necessary condition for intellectual and social progress.

Слайд 13

"social liberty" - protection from "the tyranny of political rulers." He

introduced a number of different tyrannies, including social tyranny, and also the tyranny of the majority.

Слайд 14

Social justice
Can the world be possible without inequality?
Where are the measures?
What

can be generally useful and morally defensible?
Past: division into social gropes according to religion, tradition, laws
Present: property (admissible)
race, sex (inadmissible)

Слайд 15

Freedom
Freedom from & freedom for
“Escape from Freedom” Erich Fromm
“freedom gives

person feeling of weakness and anxiety”
Friedrich Engels:
“Freedom – understanding of objective laws and existing according to them; cognition of necessity”

Слайд 16

Linear & cyclical history conceptions

Слайд 17

Слайд 18

Civilization:
Childhood – barbarians
Youth – beginning of blossoming
Maturity – bloom, prosperity
Old age

– dehumanization, bureaucratism, militarism, skepticism

Слайд 19

Social philosophy. Philosophy of history

Содержание

Complexity in perception of society:PermanentRegularStable for society can by find ?

Social philosophy: main problems:Society orderSociety (general) – Individuality (single)Freedom – NecessityMatter

Social atomismonly one aspiration of everyone is to be happy –

Social UniversalismSociety – strong and unique self-dependent realityExists because of itself

Antiquity about society & personality: PlatoHarmony – basic principleAuthority of the

Antiquity about society & personality: Aristotle Man outside the society is

HolismIndividualism (liberalism)from ὅλος holos, a Greek word meaning all, whole, entire,

HolismIndividualism (liberalism)Sparta – hard administrationAthenian democracy – freedom limited by democratically

John Locke (1632 –1704)theory was founded on social contract theory human

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770 –1831)All history of mankind is an

John Stuart Mill (1806 –1873) On Libertythe nature and limits of