Содержание
- 2. Principal Causes of a Disturbance of Erythropoiesis : 1. Hemoglobin synthesis is impaired - in Fe2+
- 4. Agents Affecting Erythropoesis I. Agents Stimulating Erythropoiesis 1. Used in Hypochromic Anemias A. IN iron-deficient anemias:
- 5. 2. In HYPERCHROMIC Anemias: Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) amp. 0.01%, 0.05%-1 ml Folic Acid [Vit Bc, B9]
- 6. Iron Agents: Ferrous Sulfate, Ferrous Lactate, Fercoven, Ferrum Lek - contain the divalent Fe2+ that is
- 7. Fercoven (amp. 5 ml) contains 20 mg of Saccharate Iron and 0.09 mg of Gluconate Cobalt
- 9. OVERDOSE with Fe2+ COMPOUNDS Manifestation: lethargy, nausea and vomiting green then tarry stools, weak and rapid
- 10. HEMATOPOIETIC GROWTH FACTORS: ▶ ERYTHROPOETIN ▶ Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor - G-CSF, Filgrastim ▶ Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
- 11. Erythropoietin (Epoetin alfa) – vial 2000, 4000, and 10,000 IU/ml IV, SC Human erythropoietin, produced by
- 12. Filgrastim (G-CSF) is lineage-specific growth factor – ● supports Proliferation, Differentiation and Functional Activity of neutrophils
- 13. Molgramostim (GM-CSF) has broader actions than G-CSF. ● stimulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Granulocytic Progenitor Cells
- 14. Folate Deficiency: 1) Increased Demand (pregnancy and lactation) 2) Poor Absorption caused by pathology of the
- 15. The minimal requirement: ≈ 1 μg/day.
- 16. AGENTS AFFECTING LEUCOPOIESIS 1. Agents Stimulating Leucopoiesis: Sodium nucleinate Pentoxyl Methyluracil Molgramostim Filgrastim 2. Agents Inhibiting
- 17. AGENTS USED FOR PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT OF THROMBOSIS 1. PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS 2. ANTICOAGULANTS 3. THROMBOLYTIC
- 18. PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS (ANTIPLATELET AGENTS): Aspirin, Ticlopidine, Dipyridamole, Pentoxifylline, Abciximab Clinical Uses: AMI, Prior MI, Unstable
- 20. ASPIRIN blocks Thromboxane A2 synthesis from arachidonic acid in platelets by irreversible Acetylation and Inhibition of
- 21. Ticlopidine and Clopidogrel inhibit the ADP pathway involved in the binding of platelets to fibrinogen and
- 22. Dipyridamole (Curantil, Persantine) is a coronary vasodilator which was introduced for Angina Pectoris. Mechanism of action:
- 23. Pentoxifylline (Trental) inhibits PDE, ?Platelet and Erythrocytes Aggregation, has desaggregational properties, enhances fibrinolysis, lowers viscosity, IMPROVES
- 24. ABCIXIMAB ReoPro 2 mg/ml IV injection a Humanized Monoclonal Antibody directed against the platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
- 25. II. ANTICOAGULANTS: 1. DIRECT ACTION HEPARIN - amp 5 ml – 5000 U/ml and 10000 U/ml
- 26. Heparin Mechanism of action: acts indirectly by binding to Antithrombin III. The Heparin-AT III complex binds
- 28. CONTRAINDICATIONS to Heparin: Bleeding Disorders, Thrombocytopenia Hypertension, Threatened Abortion, Piles, Ulcers Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis Large Malignancies,
- 29. ADVERSE EFFECTS of HEPARIN: 1. Bleeding complications. Excessive bleeding may be managed by suspending the drug
- 30. Clinical uses of Heparin: Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Vein Thrombosis Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina Prevention
- 31. Vitamin K is regenerated from the epoxide by vitamin K Epoxide Reductase. It is the enzyme
- 32. Clinical Uses of Neodicumarin: Thrombophlebitis Deep Vein Thrombosis Myocardial Infarction Artificial Heart Valves ⮚ Atrial Arrhythmias
- 33. FIBRINOLYTIC (THROMBOLYTIC) DRUGS I. Non-selective Activators of Profibrinolysin: Streptokinase Urokinase Streptodekase II. Selective activators of Profibrinolysin:
- 34. Streptokinase (amp 250,000 and 500,000 IU) - a non-selective Activator of Profibrinolysin, the enzyme extracted from
- 35. Alteplase and Duteplase - recombinant tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (t PA) - act selectively on plasminogen, bound
- 36. Agents to Treat Bleeding (Hemostatics) 1.Agents enhancing Coagulation of blood: for Local Application: Thrombin - amp
- 37. Adroxon (amp. 0.025% 1 ml) Hemostatic action It is used to stop capillary and parenchymatous bleeding
- 38. Ethamsylate (Dicynon) – amp. 12.5% 2 ml IV or IM, Caps. 0.25 g Antihyaluronidase Action –
- 39. 2. ANTIFIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS Inactivation of the Fibrinolytic System can be achieved by Plasmin Inhibitors : Aminocaproic
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