Esophageal cancer, stomach cancer

Июль 31, 2022

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Esophageal cancer, stomach cancer

Содержание

2. Epidemiology of esophageal cancer Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide, responsible for 462,000
3. Epidemiology
4. INCIDENCE OF THE ESOPHAGEAL CANCER (ALL COUNTRIES, 2002)
5. Cancer statistic
6. PREDISPOSING FACTORS POLIP OF ESOPHAGUS
7. BARRETT’S OESOPHAGUS Due to a chronic gastroesophageal reflux metaplastic changes are seen in the part of
8. Low part of the esophageus and cardiac area of the stomach after Garlok’s operation because of
9. BARRETT’S CARCINOMA
10. PATHOLOGY Frequency of tumor sites in the esophagus: - upper third : ±10% - middle third
11. PATTERN OF LOCAL GROWTH An esophageal cancer not only frequently grows as an exophytic mass into
12. Staging of esohpageal cancer
13. MORE FREQUENCY COMPLAINTS OF PATIENT WITH ESOPHAGEAL CANCER Progressive dysphagia Anorexia Weight loss Weakness Anemia Inanition
14. BARIUM CONTRAST STUDY OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER Endophytic carcinoma of esophagus middle third. Constriction of esophagus lumen
15. Carcinoma of middle part of esophagus
16. Carcinoma of middle part of esophagus
17. Операция Добромыслова-Торека. Colon interposition right (isoperistaltic) Reconstructive procedures after esophagectomy
18. Operation of Lewis
19. МЕСТО ПЕРЕСЕЧЕНИЯ ПИЩЕВОДА. Operation of Lewis
20. Operation of Lewis Соединение съемной головки и степлера.
21. Stenting of patients with esophageal cancer
22. Epidemiology of gastric cancer Since the nineteen-fifties it has become obvious that there has been a
23. INCIDENCE OF THE STOMACH CANCER (ALL COUNTRIES, 2002)
24. Adenocarcinoma of the stomach Common findings: Anorexia Vomitting Early satiety Weight loss Dysphagia Weakness Epigastric Pain
25. X Ray of a gastric carcinoma Large key- shaped malignant ulcer at the greater curvature. The
26. X Ray of a gastric carcinoma
27. Carcinoma of the antrum
28. Proximal subtotal gastrectomy
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Epidemiology of esophageal cancer
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer

worldwide, responsible for 462,000 new cases in 2002 (4,2 % of the total), and six most common cause of death from cancer with 386,000 deaths (5,7 % of the total).
Esophageal cancer occurs in several parts of the world. There is a high incidence in parts of China, the Central and Eastern European countries, Iran and Japan, as well as in Africa and areas of Western Europe such as French Bretagne, Finland, Scotland and Sweden.
Esophageal cancer is mainly seen in patients over the age of 40; the incidence increases with age.
Cancer of the esophagus has a very poor survival:16% of the cases in the USA and 10% in Europe survive at least 5 years.

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Epidemiology

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INCIDENCE OF THE ESOPHAGEAL CANCER (ALL COUNTRIES, 2002)

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Cancer statistic

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PREDISPOSING FACTORS
POLIP OF ESOPHAGUS

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BARRETT’S OESOPHAGUS
Due to a chronic gastroesophageal reflux metaplastic changes are seen

in the part of the oesophagus in 5-10% of the patients (BE). These changes are premalignant, and consequently there is a higher risk for the development of a cancer.

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Low part of the esophageus and cardiac area of the

stomach after Garlok’s operation because of Barrett’s esophageus.

BARRETT’S OESOPHAGUS

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BARRETT’S CARCINOMA

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PATHOLOGY
Frequency of tumor sites in the esophagus:
- upper third :

±10%
- middle third : ± 40%
- lower third : ± 50%

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PATTERN OF LOCAL GROWTH
An esophageal cancer not only frequently grows as

an exophytic mass into the esophageal lumen leading to obstruction, but it frequently also infiltrates the submucsa over a distance of 5 to 10 cm.

Pathomorphologyc classification

Endophytic
30-35%

Exophytic
60-65%

Mixed
5-10%

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Staging of esohpageal cancer

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MORE FREQUENCY COMPLAINTS OF PATIENT WITH ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
Progressive dysphagia
Anorexia
Weight loss
Weakness
Anemia
Inanition
Pain on

swallowing
Regurgitation
Aspiration
Hoarseness
Cushing's syndrome

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BARIUM CONTRAST STUDY OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
Endophytic carcinoma of esophagus middle third.

Constriction of esophagus lumen with suprastenotic dilatation, thickening of esophageal wall at the place where tumor’s localized (symptom of sand-glass).

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Carcinoma of middle part of esophagus

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Carcinoma of middle part of esophagus

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Операция Добромыслова-Торека.
Colon interposition right (isoperistaltic)
Reconstructive procedures after esophagectomy

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Operation of Lewis

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МЕСТО ПЕРЕСЕЧЕНИЯ ПИЩЕВОДА.
Operation of Lewis

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Operation of Lewis
Соединение съемной головки и степлера.

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Stenting of patients with esophageal cancer

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Epidemiology of gastric cancer
Since the nineteen-fifties it has become obvious that

there has been a gradual decline in the incidence of gastric cancer in the Western industrialized countries. The reason is not clear, but there may be a relation to the introduction of canned food, refrigerators and deep-freezers and the consequent discontinuation of older preservation methods such as salting. However, Japan is a specially known for a high incidence of gastric cancer. Japanese, who emigrated to the USA and who adapted American dietary habits, show a distinct decline in the incidence of gastric cancer (already in the first generation); Whereas American Japanese, keeping to their original dietary habits, demonstrate an incidence as high as in Japan.

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INCIDENCE OF THE STOMACH CANCER (ALL COUNTRIES, 2002)

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Adenocarcinoma of the stomach
Common findings:
Anorexia
Vomitting

Early satiety
Weight loss
Dysphagia
Weakness
Epigastric Pain
Anemia
Occult blood in stools
Epigastric mass

Rare findings:
Left supraclavicular node (Virchow's node)
Acanthosis Nigricans
Mass in the perirectal pouch (Blumer's shelf)
Thrombophlebitis (Trousseau's syndrome)
Dermatomyositis
Enlarged ovaries (Krukenberg tumor)

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