Содержание
- 2. HISTORY Morphine was isolated from raw opium in 1805 by a German pharmacologist Friedrich Wilhelm Adam
- 3. HISTORY Barely eighteen years after morphine was discovered, it was used for homicide. In 1823, a
- 4. HISTORY In fact the name morphine comes from the Greek 'god of dreams Morpheus. Incidentally Morpheus
- 5. DEFINITION Morphine is a natural opium alkaloid. It is a dried extract obtained from the capsules
- 6. CLASSIFICATION
- 7. CLASSIFICATION Heroine Pholcodeine
- 8. MECHANISM OF ACTION Opioids exert their major effects by interacting with opioid receptors in the CNS
- 9. MECHANISM OF ACTION Opioids have an onset of action that depends on the route of administration
- 10. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATING THE ROLE OF OPIOIDS IN ANALGESIA OF PERIPHERAL MECHANISM OF ACTION
- 11. PHARMACOKINETICS Absorption of morphine from Gl T is slow and incomplete Quick effect is produced on
- 12. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS 1. Analgesia - Morphine causes analgesia - Morphine relieves severe deep seated pain like
- 13. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS 2. CNS - Morphine produces euphoria in presence of pain - But in the
- 14. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS 4. Anti-tussive property - Morphine has anti-tussive property - Morphine depress the medularly cough
- 15. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS 6. Papillary constriction - Morphine produces constriction of pupil (miosis) - Miosis is induced
- 16. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS 7. Respiration - The action of morphine on the respiration is dose dependent -
- 17. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS 9. Gastro-intestinal tract - Morphine decreases peristaltic propulsive movements - It produces spasm of
- 18. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS 11. Cardiovascular system - Normal dose of morphine produces no effect on heart rate,
- 19. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS 12. Histamine release - Morphine releases histamine from mast cells, causing urticaria, sweating and
- 20. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS 14. Uterus - No significant effect. May prolong labor in high doses 15. On
- 21. ADVERSE REACTIONS Acute morphine poisoning characterized by respiratory depression, pin point pupil cyanosis, reduced body temperature,
- 22. ADVERSE REACTIONS Drug interactions - The depressant actions of morphine are enhanced by phenothiazines, monoamine oxidase
- 23. CONTRAINDICTIONS - Infants and elder people - Respiratory conditions such as bronchial asthma - Head injury
- 24. DOSAGE
- 25. USES 1. It is an analgesic for the relief of severe pain 2. Used as pre-anesthetic
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