History of medicine. Abdelgalil Mohamed Mostafa Elsayed

was a German pathologist and bacteriologist.
He is credited with the discovery of Sulfonamidochrysoidine (KI-730), the first commercially available antibiotic and marketed under the brand name Prontosil, for which he received the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

headmaster. Until he was 14, he attended school in Sommerfeld (now Lubsko, Poland). Domagk studied medicine at the University of Kiel, but volunteered to serve as a soldier in World War I, where he was wounded in December 1914, working the rest of the war as a medic. After the war, he finished his studies, and worked at the University of Greifswald, where he researched infections caused by bacteria.

Münster (WWU) and became a professor there himself. He also started working at the Bayer laboratories at Wuppertal. The same year, he married Gertrud Strube (1897–1985). Later they would have three sons and a daughter.
Domagk was appointed director of Bayer's Institute of Pathology and Bacteriology, where he continued the studies of Josef Klarer and Fritz Mietzsch, based on works by Paul Ehrlich, to use dyes, at that time a major product of IG Farben, as antibiotics. He found the sulfonamide Prontosil to be effective against streptococcus, and treated his own daughter with it, saving her the amputation of an arm.

first drug effective against bacterial infections. He was forced by the Nazi regime to refuse the prize and was arrested by the Gestapo and detained for a week. (This was because the Nazi-critical Carl von Ossietzky had won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1935, which had angered the German government and resulted in German nationals not being permitted by law to accept the Nobel Prize.) In the same year, Domagk was also awarded the Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh.

Kiel in 1921. He briefly taught at the University of Greifswald (1924–25) before joining the faculty of the University of Münster. In 1927 he became director of the I.G. Farbenindustrie (Bayer) Laboratory for Experimental Pathology and Bacteriology in Elberfeld (now in Wuppertal). There, inspired by the ideas of Paul Ehrlich, he began testing newly developed dyes for their possible effects against various infections.

in mice. The dye, Prontosil red, was then tried clinically against streptococcal infections in humans with great success. The active component of Prontosil turned out to be sulfanilamide, which became another important sulfa drug.
Unable to accept the Nobel award at the time because of Nazi German policy, Domagk later (1947) received the gold medal and diploma. He also was active in research on tuberculosis and cancer.